英语试题练习题教案学案课件吉林省成人本科学士学位英语统考试大纲
英语试题练习题教案学案课件吉林省成人本科学士学位英语统考试题
2010.11.06
Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)
Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding
letter on the Answer Sheet.
Passage 1
Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:
Archaeology, like many academic words, comes from Greek and means, more or less, “the study of old things”. So, it is really a part of the study of history. However, most historians use paper evidence, such as letters, paintings and photographs，but archaeologists (考古学家) learn from the objects left behind by
the humans of long ago. Normally, these are the hard materials that don't break down or disappear very quickly—things like human bones and objects made from stone and metal.
It is very unusual to find anything more than the hard evidence of history--normally, the bacteria (细菌) in the air eat away at soft materials, like
bodies, clothes and things made of wood. Occasionally, things are different.
In 1984, two men made an amazing discovery while working in a bog called Lindow Moss, in the north of England. A bog is a very wet area of earth, with a lot of plants growing in it. It can be like a very big and very thick vegetable soup—walk in the
wrong place and you can sink and disappear forever. The men were working when one of them saw something sticking out—a human foot! Naturally, the men called the
police，who then found the rest of the body. Was it a case of murder? Possibly--but it was a death nearly two thousand years old. The two men had found a body from the time of the Roman invasion of Britain. Despite being so old, this body had skin, muscles, hair and internal organs—the scientists who examined him were able to look
inside the man's stomach and find the food that he had eaten for his last meal!
Why was this man so well preserved? (76) It was because he was in a very watery environment, safe fi:om the bacteria that need oxygen to live. Also, the water in
the bog was very acidic. The acid preserved the man's skin in the way that animal skin is preserved for leather coats and shoes.
How did he die? Understandably, archaeologists and other scientists wanted to know more about the person that they called,“Lindow Man”. (77) His hands and
fingernails suggested that he hadn't done heavy manual work in his life—he could
have been a rich man. They found that he hadn't died by accident. The archaeologists believe that he was sacrificed to three different gods.
1. Which language does the word “archaeology”come from?
A. French. B. Greek. C. Roman. D. German.
2. The word “these” in the first paragraph refers to_______.
A. letters B. photographs C. paintings D. objects
3. Which of the following helped to preserve“Lindow Man”?
A. Ice and Iow temperature. B. Bacteria and oxygen.
C. Soil and energy. D. Acid and water.
4. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. “Lindow Man”was named after the person who first found him.
B. Historians usually use paper evidence, while archaeologists use hard evidence.
C. “Lindow Man” was found by two archaeologists in the south of England.
D. “Lindow Man”was good at manual work.
5. Which is the best title for the passage?
A. What Is Archaeology?
B. Archaeology and History
C. An Amazing Archaeological Discovery
D. The Death of“Lindow Man”
Passage 2
Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:
The city has always been an engine of intellectual life, from the 18th-century cafes of London, where citizens gathered to discuss chemistry and politics, to the Left Bank bars of modern Paris, where Picasso talked about modem art. Without the metropolis, we might not have had the great art of Shakespeare.
And yet, city life isn't easy. Now scientists have begun to examine how the city affects the brain, and the results are depressing. Just being in an urban environment, they have found, impairs (损害) our basic mental processes. (78) After
spending a few minutes on a crowded city street, the brain is less able to hold things in memory, and suffers from reduced self-control. While it's long been recognized
that city life is exhausting, this new research suggests that cities actually dull our thinking, sometimes dramatically so.
One of the main forces at work is a complete lack of nature, which is surprisingly beneficial for the brain. Studies have demonstrated, for instance, that hospital patients
recover more quickly when they can see trees from their windows, and that women living in public housing are better able to focus when their apartments overlook a lawn. Even these glimpses of nature improve brain performance, it seems, because they provide a mental break from the urban life.
This research arrives just as humans cross an important milestone (里程碑). For
the first time in history, the majority of people live in cities. Instead of inhabiting wide-open spaces, we're crowded into concrete jungles, surrounded by
traffic and millions of Strangers. In recent years, it's become clear that such unnatural surroundings have important implications for our mental and physical health, and can powerfully alter how we think.
This research is also leading some scientists to dabble (涉足) in urban design,
as they look for ways to make the city less damaging to the brain. (79) The good news is that even slight alterations, such as planting more trees in the inner city or creating urban parks with a greater variety of plants, can significantly reduce the negative side effects of city life. The mind needs nature, and even a little
bit can be a big help.
6. Which of the following is the main idea of this passage?
A. The city inspires talented people.
B. The city hurts your brain.
C. The city has many pleasures and benefits.
D. The city seriously affects the natural balance.
7. The word “metropolis” in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to_______.
A. citizen B. nature C. city D. stress
8. People have just come to realize that_______.
A. human attention is a scarce resource
B. city life can make people very tired
C. the city is an engine of intellectual life
D. an urban environment is damaging to the brain
9. What is the factor mentioned in the third paragraph that helps the hospital patients recover more quickly?
A. Nature. B. Better treatment.
C. Experienced doctors. D. Good medicine.
10. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Different aspects (方面) of an urban environment, such as the crowded streets, can lead to an increase in self-control.
B. Small changes in urban design, cannot reduce the negative side effects of city life.
C. For the first time in history, the earth's population is more urban than rural.
D. A walk down a busy city street will improve brain performance.
Passage 3
Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:
Breastfeeding (母乳喂养) for a month or longer appears to reduce a woman's risk of getting diabetes (糖病) later in life, according to a new study. The breastfeeding and diabetes link has been reported in other studies, according to researcher Eleanor Schwarz. Yet, her study makes the link easier to believe. Her study is published in a journal of medicine in America. Schwarz and her colleagues looked at data about
breastfeeding practices. They evaluated data on 2,233 women f~om Califomia. Of those, 405 were not mothers, 1,125 were mothers who breastfed for at least a month, and 703 were mothers who had never breastfed. They were 40 to 78 years old.
According to Schwarz's study, the risk of getting a diagnosis (诊断) of Type
2 diabetes for women who breastfed all their children for a month or longer was similar to that of women who had not given birth. But mothers who had never breastfed were nearly twice as likely to develop diabetes as women who had never given birth. Mothers who never breastfed were about 1.4 times as likely to develop diabetes as women who breastfed for one to three months, Schwarz found.
While one month of breastfeeding appears to make a difference, Schwarz says, even longer is better. (80) “Previous studies have shown the longer the mom
breastfeeds, the more benefit for her body.” Many experts recommend breastfeeding
for six months and continuing for a year, she says.
The diabetes-breastfeeding link is probably explained by belly fat. Mothers, who don't breastfeed, as they get older, may have more belly fat, as breastfeeding helps new mothers take off weight. “Belly fat increases the risk of diabetes as
you get older,” she says.
The finding isn't surprising at all, says Kimberly Gregory. She often gives advice to women who get diabetes (occurring during pregnancy (怀孕)) that they are
at risk for later getting Type 2 diabetes and suggests they breastfeed. The new findings will probably inspire Gregory to add to the-advice she gives moms-to-be about the benefits of breastfeeding. She often focuses on the benefits to the baby. 11. According to the first paragraph, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. About two thousand and two hundred old women took part in the study.
B. Eleanor Schwarz's research program was about men and women who suffered from diabetes.
C. Over one fifths of the women never got married.
D. Eleanor Schwarz's results seem more reliable.
12. According to Schwarz's findings, who are more likely to get diabetes later in life?
A. Those mothers who had never breastfed.
B. Those mothers who never gave birth.
C. Those mothers who breastfed for a month.
D. Those mothers who breastfed for six months.
13. Which of the following statements would Schwarz agree with?
A. Breastfeeding is not advisable because it is not good for a mom to keep a good shape.
B. Breastfeeding can greatly reduce a mother's chances of getting all kinds of serious disease.
C. Breastfeeding for a month is highly recommended: the longer, the better.
D. Breastfeeding for a month or longer makes babies smarter.
14. What does the author mean by “moms-to-be” in the last paragraph?
A. Women who are pregnant, especially for the first time.
B. Women who dream of having babiesfor the first time.
C. Women who already have children.
D. Women who have just got babies for the first time.
15. Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?
A. Breasffeeding May Enhance Babies' Chances of Survival
B. Breasffeeding May Lower Moms' Diabetes Risk
C. Breasffeeding May Become Very Fashioaable in Near Future
D. Breasffeeding May Help Women Lose Weight
Part ? Vocabulary and Structure (30%)
Directions: In this part there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes
the sentence. Then blacken the Corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.16. You should carefully think over_____ the manager said at the meeting.
A. that B. which C. what D. whose
17. Last week I wrote to the hotel to book a room, but they _____ yet.
A. didn't answer B. wasn't answering
C. hadn't answered D. haven't answered
18. Diana felt very much upset at _____ to the party as she had longed to go for a long time.
A. having not been invited B. not having been invited
C. not to be invited D. to be not invited
19. On no account _____ held responsible for the car accident, so he should not be put into prison.
A. the driver can be B. can the driver be
C. the driver be D. be the driver
20. All the kids are crying now. What_____makes them so unhappy?
A. it is B. is it C. it is that D. is it that 21. Unfortunately, the package I was expecting was _____ to the wrong address.
A. written B. given C. packed D. delivered
22. _____by a large audience, he felt very nervous and didn't know what to say.
A. Watching B. Watch C. Watched D. Having watched
23. I'm very grateful for your help and hope to do something for you_____in the future.
A. in exchange B. instead C. in return D. in particular 24. I can ____you that the animals are well cared for in our zoo, so you needn't worry about them.
A. suppose B. assume C. assure D. grant
25. The drowning boy made a _____ attempt to catch the rope thrown to him.
A. dangerous B. graceful C. gentle D. desperate
26. If we_____early tomorrow morning, we will reach the coast before dark.
A. take off B. set off C. set up D. take up
27. A lot of people mistake John for Bill because they _____ each other in appearance too much!
A. weave B. utilize C. reveal D. resemble
28. When there are cordial relations between the two countries, we mean there exists a_____ relationship between them.
A. friendly B. hostile C. fertile D. complicated
29. The patient's recovery was very encouraging as he could_____get out of bed without help.
A. only B. almost C. me'rely D. hardly
30. At the job interview, Mr. Brown gave a good _____ of himself and finally got a job as a salesman.
A. opinion B. idea C. cry D. account
31. As is well known, eating too much fat can_____heart disease and cause high blood pressure.
A. add to B. attend to C. contribute to D. apply to 32. A club is a place to make frequent_____with friends.
A. accounts B. attempts C. contents D. contacts
33. _____the obvious differences in size and population, the states of America have many things_____ common.
A. Although; on B. Though; in
C. Despite; in D. Because of; on
34. Scientists say it may be five or six years _____this medicine is tested on human beings.
A. since B. before C. after D. when
35. With larger numbers of graduates than ever before, just having a degree will no longer be enough to make you _____in the crowd.
A. stand up B. stand by C. stand for D. stand out 36. The doctor tried to do an experiment to find out the_____of the medicine on the mice.
A. cause B. result C. reason D. effect
37. This is only one of the laundries in the district modem equipment.
A. that have B. which have C. that has D. what has
38. Skating can be good for you _____ correctly.
A. though doing B. though done C. if done D. if doing
39. By the end of last week 611 people from 49 countries to attend the meeting,
with nearly half coming from the United States, Germany and Britain.
A. had registered B. have registered
英语试题练习题教案学案课件吉林省成人本科学士学位英语统考试大纲英语试题练习题教案学案课件吉林省成人本科学士学位英语统考试大纲
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敦煌莫高窟（英文）
Silk Road Tours:Adventure along the Silk Road to explore the ancient cities and rich culture..Dunhuang lies at the western end of the Gansu Corridor, called Hexi Zoulang.The nameDunhuang originally meant "prospering, flourishing"-- a hint that Dunhuang must once have beenan important city.Its position at the intersection of two trade routes was what made Dunhuangflourish.The coming and going of horse and camel caravans carried new thoughts, ideas, arts andsciences to the East and West.It was Europeans who re-opened the road in their search for the ancient Silk Road cities.Ithappened in the latter part of the last century.These tours can begin very logically in Xian,proceeding via Lanzhou and the Jiayuguan Pass to the Magao Caves of Dunhuang, and then toTurpan, Urumqi and Kashi.Mogao Caves, or Mogao Grottoes(also known as the Caves of the Thousand Buddhas andDunhuang Caves)form a system of 492 temples 25 km(15.5 miles)southeast of the center ofDunhuang, an oasis strategically located at a religious and cultural crossroads on the Silk Road, inGansu province, China.The caves contain some of the finest examples of Buddhist art spanning aperiod of 1,000 years.[1] The first caves were du
英文网络用语大全
（你在做什么？）25.HMU - Hit Me Up（找我）26.AFK - Away From Keyboard（离开键盘）27.FTW - For the Win（为了胜利）28.WTH - What the Hell（什么鬼东西）29.BAE - Before Anyone Else（比任何人都重要）30.TFW - That Feeling When（那种感觉）31.TBT - Throwback Thursday（回忆星期四）32.BTDT - Been There, Done That（经历过，做过）33.HBD - Happy Birthday（生日快乐）34.FOMC - Fell Off My Chair（笑得跌落椅子）35.IMNSHO - In My Not-So-Humble Opinion（依我不那么谦虚的看法）36.DND - Do Not Disturb（请勿打扰）37.ETA - Estimated Time of Arrival（预计到达时间）38.IIRC - If I Remember Correctly（如果我没记错的话）39.LMK - Let Me Know（告诉我）40.RN - Right Now（现在）41.SMH - So Much Hate（太多恨意）42.TBF - To Be Fair（说实话，公平地说）43.TL;DR - Too Long; Didn't Read（太长，没读）44.YW - You're Welcome（不客气）45.ZOMG - Oh My God（非常惊讶）46.DM - Direct Message（私信）47.AMA - Ask Me Anything（问我任何问题）48.ELI5 - Explain Like I'm 5（用五岁孩子能懂的方式解释）49.IANAL - I Am Not a Lawyer（我不是律师）50.NBD - N
英语语法大全
名词1.名词的数：名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词有单、复数之分，不可数名词没有复数形式。 2.名词的格：名词在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词，分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。 代词1.人称代词：主格用来作句子的主语、表语。宾格用来作及物动词或者介词的宾语。 2.物主代词：形容词性物主代词起形容词的作用，用在名词前。名词性物主代词起名词的作用，后面无名词。 3.反身代词：表示动作的对象或者是执行者本身。 4.指示代词：指示代词分单数(this / that)和复数(these / those)两种形式，既可作限定词又可做代词。 5.不定代词：不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。常见的不定代词有all, both, each, every, other, another, much, many,few, little, none, one, both, either, neither 等。 数词数词分为基数词和序数词。基数词表示数量，序数词表示顺序。 形容词和副词1.形容词：形容词在句中主要用作定语、表语、宾语补足语等。 2.副词：副词在句中主要用作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语或句子。 动词1.动词的时态：包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、将来完成时等。 2.动词的语态：包括主动语态和被动语态。 3.非谓语动词：非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和分词。它们在句中不能单独作谓语，但可以和助动词一起构成谓语动词。 句子成分1.主语：句子说明的人或事物。 2.谓语：说明主语的动作、状态和特征。 3.表语：系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。 4.宾语：表示动作的对象或承受者，位于及物动词或介词之后。 5.定语：用于描述名词或代词，通常位于它们之前。 6.状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态的特征。 7.宾语补足语：补充说明宾语的成分。 句子种类1.陈述句：用来陈述事实的句子。 2.疑问句：提出问题的句子，分为一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句。 3.祈使句：表示请求、命令、建议或劝告的句子。 4.感叹句：表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子。 简单句的基本句型1.主语+谓语：这种句型简称为主谓结构，其谓语一般都是不及物动词。 2.主语+系动词+表语：这种句型称为主系表结构，其实联系动词在形式上也是一种谓语动词，但实质上表语成了谓语，起表述作用。 3.主语+谓语+宾语：这种句型可称为主谓宾结构，它的宾语实质是谓语动词的逻辑宾语。 4.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语：这种句型可称为主谓宾宾结构，其谓语应是可有双宾语的及物动词，两个宾语一个是间接宾语，一个是直接宾语。 5.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语：这种句型可简称为主谓宾补结构，其补语是宾语补语，与宾语一起即构成复合宾语。 并列句两个或两个以上的简单句用并列连词连在一起构成的句子，叫做并列句，其基本结构是"简单句+并列连词+简单句"。并列连词有：and, but, or, so 等。 十、复合句含有一个或一个以上从句的句子叫做复合句。复合句包含：名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句。 十 直接引语和间接引语直接引述别人的原话，叫做直接引语；用自己的话转述别人的话，叫做间接引语。间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。 十
英文单词大全
Creates创造,设计Whales鲸鱼Discuss讨论Effect结果Behavior行为,举止Trade贸易Passenger乘客,旅客Activity活动agreatdealof大量的recorded存储录音的equipment设备intense激烈的efforts努力interfere干扰restrict限制，约束communicate沟通conference讨论会firm坚定peace和平main主要的purposes目的bring带来defeat击败force影响力ever-increasing不断增加might力量fighting打架add增加pride骄傲advance前进advice建议troops集群foundation基础international国际的order规则security安全chaos混乱assurance保证among在 之中nation国家Toward即将到来的Tremendous巨大的Goal目标Stride大步Completely完整的Base基础Parliament国会Leaders领袖Honorable可敬的Proved证明Steadily稳定的Democracies民主主义Seize抓住Control控制Negotiations谈判Refused拒绝Honor荣誉Shadow阴影Darken使变暗Individual个人的Defend保护Tighten使变紧Gain获得Suffering痛苦Dictator独裁者Oppose反对Act行动Personal私人的Blow打击Permanent永久的Overpowered压倒Sense感到Mourning悲伤Expect预期Common共同的rarely很少cooperation合作active积极official官员trust信任exchange交换gathering聚集p
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英语试题练习题教案学案课件吉林省成人本科学士学位英语统考试大纲
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