2022年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语二
科目代码：204
Section I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C
or D on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
Harlan Coben believes that if you’re a writer, you’ll find the time; and that if you can’t find the time, then writing isn’t the priority and you’re not a writer. For him, writing is a __1__job, a job like any other. He has __2__it with plumbing, pointing out that a plumber doesn’t wake up and say that he can’t work with pipes today.
__3__, like most writers these days, you’re holding down a job to pay the bills, it’s not __4__to find the time to write. But it’s not impossible. It requires determination and single-mindedness. __5__that most bestselling authors began writing when they were doing other things to earn a living. And today, even writers who are fairly__6__often have to do other work to__7__their writing income.
As Harlan Coben has suggested, it’s a __8__of priorities. To make writing a priority, you’ll have to__9__some of your day-to-day activities and some things you really enjoy. Depending on your__10__and your lifestyle, that might mean spending less time watching television or listening to music, though some people can write__11__they listen to music. You might have to__12__the amount of exercise or sport you do. You’ll have to make social media an__13__activity rather than a daily time-consuming__14__. There’ll probably have to be less socializing with your friends and less time with your family. It’s a __15__learning course, and it won’t always make you popular.
There’s just one thing you should try to keep at least some time for__16__your writing—and that’s reading. Any write needs to read as much and as widely as they can. It’s the one __17__ supporter—something you can’t do without.
Time is finite. The older you get, the __18__ it seems to go. We need to use it so carefully and as __19__as we can. That means prioritizing out activities so that we spend most time on the things we really want to do. If you’re a writer, that means__20__writing.
1.A. difficult B. normal C. steady D. pleasant
2.A. combined B. compared C. confused D. confronted
3.A. If B. Through C. Once D. Unless
4.A. enough B. strange C. wrong D. easy
5.A. Accept B. Explain C. Remember D. Suppose
6.A. well-known B. well-advised C. well-informed D. well-chosen
7.A. donate B. generate C. supplement D. calculate
8.A. cause B. purpose C. question D. condition
9.A. highlight B. sacrifice C. continue D. explore
10.A. relations B. interests C. memories D. skills
11.A. until B. because C. while D. before
12.A. put up with B. make up for C. hang onto D. cut down on
13.A. intelligent B. occasional C. intensive D. emotional
14.A. habit B. best C. decision D. plan
15.A. tough B. gentle C. rapid D. funny
16.A. in place of B. in charge of C. in response to D. in addition to
17.A. indispensable B. innovative C. invisible D. instant
18.A. duller B. harder C. quieter D. quicker
19.A. peacefully B. generously C. productively D. gratefully
20.A. at most B. in turn C. on average D. above all
Section II Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)
Text 1
On a recent sunny day, 13,000 chickens roam over Larry Brown’s 40 windswept acres in Shiner, Texas. Some rest in the shade of a parked car. Others drink water with the cows. This all seems random, but it’s by design, part of what the $6.1 billion U.S. egg industry bets will be its next big thing: climate-friendly eggs.
These eggs, which are making their debut now on shelves for as much as $8 a dozen, are still labeled organic and animal-friendly, but they’re also from birds that live on farms using regenerative agriculture-special techniques to cultivate rich soils that can trap green-house gases. Such eggs could be marketed as helping to fight climate change.
“I’ m excited about our progress," says Brown, who harvests eggs for Denver-based Nest Fresh Eggs and is adding more cover crops that draw worms and crickets for the chickens to eat. The birds' waste then fertilizes fields. Such improvements “allow our hens to forage for higher-quality natural feed that will be good for the land, the hens, and the eggs that we supply to our customers.”
The egg industry’s push is the first major test of whether animal products from regenerative farms can become the next premium offering. In barely more than a decade, organic eggs went from being dismissed as a niche product in natural foods stores to being sold at Walmart. More recently there were similar doubts about probiotics and plant-based meats, but both have exploded into major supermarket categories. If the sustainable-egg roll out is successful,
it could open the floodgates for regenerative beef, broccoli, and beyond.
Regenerative products could be a hard sell, because the concept is tough to define quickly, says Julie Stanton, associate professor of agricultural economics at Pennsylvania State University Brandywine. Such farming also brings minimal, if any improvement to the food products (though some producers say their eggs have more protein).
The industry is betting that the same consumers paying more for premium attributes such as free-range, non-GMO, and pasture-raised eggs will embrace sustainability. Surveys show that younger generations are more concerned about climate change, and some of the success of plant-based meat can be chalked up to shoppers wanting to signal their desire to protect the environment. Young adults “really care about the planet,” says John Brunnquell, president of Egg Innovations. “They are absolutely altering the food chain beyond what I think even they understand what they’re doing.”
1. The climate-friendly eggs are produced_____
A. at a considerably low cost
B. at the demand of regular shoppers
C. as a replacement for organic eggs
D. on specially designed farms
2. Larry Brown is excited about his progress in_____
A. reducing the damage of worms
B. accelerating the disposal of waste
C. creating a sustainable system
D. attracting customers to his products
3. The example of organic eggs is used in the Paragraph 4 to suggest_____
A. the doubts to over natural foods
B. the setbacks in the eggs industry
C. the potential of regenerative products
D. the promotional success of supermarkets
4. It can be learned from the last paragraph that young people_____
A. are reluctant to change their diet
B. are likely to buy climate-friendly eggs
C. are curious about new food
D. are amazed at agricultural advances
5. John Brunnquell would disagree with Julie Stanton ever regenerative products’_____
A. Markets prospects
B. Nutritional value
C. Standard definition
D. Moral implications
Text 2
More Americans are opting to work well into retirement, a growing trend that threatens to upend the old workforce model.
One in three Americans who are at least 40 have, or plan to have a job in retirement to prepare for a longer life, according to a survey conducted by Harris Poll for TD Ameritrade. Even more surprising is that more than half of "unretirees"—those who plan to work in retirement or went back to work after retiring— said they would be employed in their later years even if they had enough money to settle down, the survey showed.
Financial needs aren't the only culprit for the "unretirement" trend. Other reasons, according to the study. Include personal fulfillment such as staying mentally fit, preventing boredom or avoiding depression “The concept of retirement is evolving." said Christine Russell, senior manager of retirement at TD Ameritrade. “It's not just about finances. The value of work is also driving folks to continue working past retirement.”
One reason for the change in retirement patterns: Americans are living longer. Older Americans are also the fastest-growing segment of the U.S. workforce. The percentage of retirement-age people in the labor force has doubled over the past three decades. About 20% of people 65 and older were in the workforce in February 2019, up from an all-time low of 10% in January 1985, according to money manager United Income
Because of longer life spans, Americans are also boosting their savings to preserve their nest eggs, the TD Ameritrade study showed, which surveyed 2.000 adults between 40 to
79.Six in 10"unretirees"are increasing their savings in anticipation of a longer life. Among the most popular ways they are doing this, the company said, is by reducing their overall expenses, securing life insurance or maximizing their contributions to retirement accounts Unfortunately, many people who are opting to work in retirement are preparing to do so because they are worried about making ends meet in their later years, said Brent Weiss, a co-founder at Baltimore-based financial-planning firm Facet Wealth. He suggested that pre-retirees should speak with a financial advisor to set long-term financial goals. “The most challenging moments in life are getting married, starting a family and ultimately retiring," Weiss said. “It's not just a financial decision, but an emotional one. Many people believe they can't retire."
26. The survey conducted by Harris Poll indicates that_____
A. over half of the retirees are physically fit for work
B. the old workforce is as active as the younger one
C. one in three Americans enjoy earlier retirement
D. more Americans are willing to work in retirement
27. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that Americans tend to think that_____
A. retirement may cause problems for them
B. boredom can be relieved after retirement
C. the mental health of retirees is overlooked
D. “unretirement” contributes to the economy
28. Retirement patterns are changing partly due to_____
A. labor shortages
B. population growth
C. longer life expectancy
D. rising living costs
29. Many “unretirees” are increasing their savings by_____
A. investing more in stocks
B. taking up odd jobs
C. getting well-paid work
D. spending less
30. With regard to retirement, Brent Weiss thinks that many people are_____
A. unprepared B. Unafraid
C. disappointed D. enthusiastic
Text 3
We have all encountered them in both our personal and professional lives. Think about the times you felt tricked o frustrated by a membership or subscription that had a seamless sign-up process but was later difficult to cancel. Something that should be simple and transparent can be complicated, intentionally or unintentionally, in ways that impair consumer choice. There are examples of dark patterns.
First coined in 2010 by user experience expert Harry Brignull, “dark patterns" is a catch-all term for practices that manipulate user interfaces to influence the decision-making ability of users. Brignull identifies 12 types of common dark patterns, ranging from misdirection and hidden costs to “roach motel," where a user experience seems easy and intuitive at the start, but turns difficult when the user tries to get out.
In a 2019 study of 53,000 product pages and 11,000 websites, researchers found that about one in 10 employs these design practices. Though widely prevalent, the concept of dark patterns is still not well understood. Business and nonprofit leaders should be aware of dark patterns and try to avoid the gray areas they engender.
Where is the line between ethical, persuasive design and dark patterns? Businesses should engage in conversations with IT, compliance, risk, and legal teams to review their privacy policy, and include in the discussion the customer/user experience designers and coders responsible for the company’s user interface, as well as the marketers and advertisers responsible for sign-ups, checkout baskets, pricing, and promotions. Any or all these teams
所有学校204英语（二）2022年考研真题试卷所有学校204英语（二）2022年考研真题试卷
and that if you cant find the time, then writing isnt the priority and youre not a writer.For him, writing is a _1_job, a job like any other.He has _2_it with plumbing, pointing out that a plumber doesnt wake up and say that he cant work with pipes today._3_, like most writers these days, youre holding down a job to pay the bills, its not _4_to find the time to write.But its not impossible.It requires determination and single-mindedness._5_that most bestselling authors began writing when they were doing other things to earn a living.And today, even writers who are fairly_6_often have to do other work to_7_their writing income.As Harlan Coben has suggested, its a _8_of priorities.To make writing a priority, youll have to_9_some of your day-to-day activities and some things you really enjoy.Depending on your_10_and your lifestyle, that might mean spending less time watching television or listening to music, though some people can write_11_they listen to music.You might have to_12_the amount of exercise or sport you do.Youll have to make social media an_13_activity rather than a daily time-consuming_14_.Therell probably have to be less socializing with your friends and less time with
2022年全国硕士研究生考试考研英语(二)试题及答案
考研英语二历年真题及答案PDF(试卷版)
LaoZhang8nglish老蒋英语(二)MBA历年真题及答案速查试卷版老蒋图书编委会·编写蒋军虎·主编(此部分考题为英语二考试前身的MBA考试用题，仅供复习时间宽裕的考生朋友选看)机械工业出版社CHINAMACHINEPRESS2015MBA、MPA、MPAcc等专业学位2005年MBA考试试题2005年全国攻读工商管理硕士学位研究生人学考试英语试题Section I VocabularyDirections:There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section.For each sentence there are four choices markedA,B,C and D.Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence.Then blacken thecorresponding letter on the ANSWERSHEETI with a pencil.(10 points)1.Advertisers often aim their campaigns at young people as they have considerable spending _.[A]power[B]force[C]energy[D]ability2.We've bought some _ chairs for the garden so that they are easy to store away.[A]adapting[B]adjusting[C]bending[D]folding3.The new speed restrictions were a_ debated issue.[A]heavily[B]hotly[C]deeply[D]profoundly4.His change of job has _ him with a new challenge in life.[A]introduced[B]initiated[C]presented[D]led5.No _ you're hungry if you haven't eaten since yesterday.[A]matter[B]surprise[C]wo
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