the term “plant neurobiology”was 1 around the notion that some aspects of plant behavior could be 2 to intelligence in animals.3 plants lack brains, the firing of electrical signals in their stems and leaves nonetheless triggered responses that 4 consciousness, researchers previously reported.But such an idea is untrue, according to a new opinion article.Plant biology is complex and fascinating, but it 5 so greatly from that of animals that so-called 6 of plants intelligence is inconclusive, the authors wrote.Beginning in 2006, some scientists have 7 that plants possess neuron-like cells that interact with hormones and neurotransmitters, 8 “a plant nervous system, 9 to that in animals,”said lead study author Lincoln Taiz, “They 10 claimed that plants have brain-like command centers at their root tips.”This 11 makes sense if you simplify the workings of a complex brain, 12 it to an array of electrical pulses;cells in plants also communicate through electrical signals.13 , the signaling in a plant is only 14 similar to the firing in a complex animal brain, which is more than “a mass of cells that communicate by electricity,”Taiz said.“For consciousness to evolve, a

_ helping you feel close and _2_ to people you care about, it turns out thathugs can bring a_3_ of health benefits to your body and mind.Believe it or not,a warm embrace might even help you 4 getting sick this winter.Ina recent study 5 over 400 healthy adults, researchers from CarnegieMellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social supportand the receipt of hugs _6the participants'susceptibility to developing thecommon cold after being _77to the virus.People who perceived greater socialsupport were less likely to come _8 with a cold, and the researchers 9_ thatthe stress-reducing effects of hugging 10 about 32 percent of that beneficialeffect.11 among those who got a cold, the ones who felt greater social supportand received more frevent hugs had less severe 12.“Hugging protects people who are under stress from the 13 risk for coldsthat's usually _14 with stress,"notes Sheldon Cohen,a professor of psychologyat Carnegie.Hugging“is a marker of intimacy and helps 15 the feeling thatothers are there to help _16 difficulty."Some experts _17_ the stress-reducing, health-related benefits of huggingto the release of oxytocin, often called“the bonding hormon

Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank andmark[A],[B].[C].or[D]on the ANSWERSHEET.(10 points)The idea that plants have some degree of consciousness first took root in the early2000s:the term"plant neurobiology was(1)around the notion that some aspects of plantbehavior could be(2)to intelligence in animals.(3)plants lack brains, the firing ofelectrical signals in their stems and leaves nonetheless triggered responses that(4)consciousness, researchers previously reported.But such an idea is untrue, according to a new opinion article.Plant biology is complexand fascinating, but it(5)so greatly from that of animals that so-called(6)of plantsintelligence is inconclusive, the authors wrote.Beginning in 2006, some scientists have(7)that plants possess neuron-like cells thatinteract with hormones and neurotransmitters,(8)"a plant nervous system,(9)to that inanimals."said lead study author Lincoln Taiz,"They(10)claimed that plants have"brain-like command centers"at their root tips."This(11)makes sense if you simplify the workings of a complex brain.(12)it to anarray of electrical pulses;cells in plants also communicate throu

the term “plant neurobiology”was _1_ around the notion that some aspects of plant behavior could be _2_ to intelligence in animals._3_ plants lack brains, the firing of electrical signals in their stems and leaves nonetheless triggered responses that _4_ consciousness, researchers previously reported.But such an idea is untrue, according to the authors of the new article.Plant biology is complex and fascinating, but it _5_ so greatly from that of animals that so-called _6_ of plants' intelligence is intriguing but inconclusive, the scientists wrote.Beginning in 2006, some scientists have _7_ that plants possess neuron-like cells that interact with hormones and neurotransmitters, _8_ “a plant nervous system, _9_ to that in animals,”said Lincoln Taiz.“They _10_ claimed that plants have 'brain-like command centers' at their root tips,”Taiz told Live Science in an email.This _11_ makes sense if you simplify the workings of a complex brain, _12_ it to an array of electrical pulses;cells in plants also communicate through electrical signals, according to the article._13_, the signaling in a plant is only _14_ similar to the billions of signals firing in a complex animal brain

2022考研英语一真题答案1-5，ACDBA 6-10 CADCB 11-15 BCACA 16-20 BCADB21-25 DBCAA 26-30 CCBDB 31-35 CCBDB 36-40 CBCCC41-45 BDCAE翻译：46、艾伦的奉献在于供应了我们能分担和提醒错误性质的假设--由于我们不是机器人，因此我们能够掌握我们的抱负。47、我们可以单独通过意识维持掌握的感觉，但实际上我们始终面临着一个问题，为什么我不能完成这件事情或那件事情。48、这好像可能为必要时的无视正名，也能合理说明剥削，以及在顶层的人的优越感及处于后层人们的劣势感。49、环境好像是为了选择出我们的强者，而且假如我们感觉受了委屈，那么我们就不行能有意识的做出努力逃离我们原来的境况。50、正面在于我们处于这样的位置，知道全部事情都取决与我们自己，之前我们对着一系列的限制，而现在我们成了权威。51.Directions:Write a letter to a friend of yours to1)recommend one of your favorite movies and2)give reasons for your recommendation.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter.Use”Li Ming”instead.Do no