2023年研究生考试英语二真题和详解
整理真题和做详解不易，自用勿外传！
Section I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
Here's a common scenario that any number of entrepreneurs face today: you're the CEO of a small business, and though you're making a nice 1 , you need to find a way to take it to the next level. What you need to do is 2 growth by establishing a growth team. A growth team is made up of members from different departments within your company, and it harnesses the power of collaboration to focus 3 on finding ways to grow.
Let's look at a real-world 4 . Prior to forming a growth team, the software company BitTorrent had 50 employees working in the 5 departments of engineering marketing and product development. This brought them good results until 2012, when their growth plateaued. The 6 was that too many customers were using the basic, free version of their product. And 7 improvements to the premium, paid version, few people were making the upgrade.
Things changed, 8 , when an innovative project-marketing manager came aboard, ____ 9 a growth team and sparked the kind of 10 perspective they needed. By looking at engineering issues from a marketing point of view, it became clear that the 11 of upgrades wasn't due to a quality issue. Most customers were simply unaware of the premium version and what it offered.
Armed with this 12 the marketing and engineering teams joined forces to raise awareness by prominently 13 the premium version to users of the free version. 14 , upgrades skyrocketed, and revenue increased by 92 percent.
But in order for your growth team to succeed, it needs to have a strong leader. It needs someone who can 15 the interdisciplinary team and keep them on course for improvement. This leader will 16 the target area, set clear goals and establish a time frame for the 17 of these goals.
The growth leader is also 18 for keeping the team focused on moving forward and steering them clear of distractions. 19 attractive new ideas can be distracting, the team leader must recognize when these ideas don't 20 the current goal and need to be put on the back burner.
1. A. purchase B. profit C. connection D. bet
2. A. define B. predict C. prioritize D. appreciate
3. A. exclusively B. temporarily C. potentially D. initially
4. A. experiment B. proposal C. debate D. example
5. A. identical B. marginal C. provisional D. traditional
6. A. rumor B. secret C. myth D. problem
7. A. despite B. unlike C. through D. beside
8. A. moreover B. however C. therefore D. again
9. A. inspected B. created C. expanded D. reformed
10. A. cultural B. objective C. fresh D. personal
11. A. end B. burden C. lack D. decrease
12. A. policy B. suggestion C. purpose D. insight
13. A. contributing B. allocating C. promoting D. transferring
14. A. As a result B. At any rate C. By the way D. In as sense
15. A. unite B. finance C. follow D. choose
16. A. share B. indentify C. divide D. broaden
17. A. announcement B. assessment C. adjustment D. accomplishment
18. A. famous B. responsible C. available D. respectable
19. A. Before B. Once C. While D. Unless
20. A. serve B. limit C. summarize D. alter
Section II Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)
Tex t 1
In the quest for the perfect lawn, homeowners across the country are taking a shortcut – and it is the environment that is paying the price. About eight million square meters of plastic grass is sold each year but opposition has now spread to the highest gardening circles. The Chelsea Flower Show has banned fake grass from this year's event, declaring it to be not part of its ethos. The Royal Horticultural' Society (RHS), which runs the annual show in west London, says it has introduced the ban because of the damage plastic grass does to the environment and biodiversity.
Ed Horne, of the RHS. Said:” We launched our sustainability strategy last year and fake grass is just not in line with our ethos and views on plastic. We recommend using real grass because of its environmental benefits, which include supporting wildlife, alleviating flooding and cooling the environment.”
The RHS's decision comes as campaigners try to raise awareness of the problems fake grass causes. A Twitter account, which claims to “cut through the green wash” of artificial grass, already has more than 20,000 followers. It is trying to encourage people to sign two petitions, one calling for a ban on the sale of plastic grass and another calling for an “ecological damage” tax on such lawns. They have gathered 7,276 and 11,282 signatures.
However, supporters of fake grass point out that there is also an environmental impact with natural lawns, which need mowing and therefore usually consume electricity or petrol. The industry also points out that real grass requires considerable amounts of water, weed killer or other treatments and that people who lay fake grass tend to use their garden more. The industry also claims that people who lay fake grass spend an average of $500 on trees or shrubs for their garden, which provides habitat for insects.
In response to another petition last year about banning fake lawns, which gathered 30,000 signatures, the government responded that it has “no plans to ban the use of artificial grass”
It added: “We prefer to help people and organizations make the right choice rather than legislating on such matters. However, the use of artificial grass must comply with the legal and policy safeguard in place to protect biodiversity and ensure sustainable drainage, while measures, such as the strengthened biodiversity duty should serve to encourage public authorities to strengthen sustainable alternatives.”
21. The RHS thinks that plastic grass_________.
A. is harmful to the environment
B. is a hot topic in gardening circles
C. is overpraised in the annual show
D. is ruining the view of west London
22. The petitions mentioned in Paragraph 3 reveal the campaigners_________.
A. disappointment with the RHS
B. resistance to fake grass use
C. anger over the proposed tax
D. concern about real grass supply
23. In Paragraph 4, supporters of take grass point out_________.
A. the necessity to lower the costs of fake grass
B. the disadvantages of growing real grass
C. the way to take care of artificial lawns
D. the challenges of insect habitat protection
24. What should the government do with regard to artificial grass?
A. Urge legislation to restrict its use.
B. Take measures to guarantees its quality
C. Remind its users to obey existing rules
D. Replay it with sustainable alternatives
25. It can be learned from the text take fake grass_________.
A. is being improved continuously
B. has seen a market share decline
C. is becoming increasingly affordable
D. has been a controversial product
Tex t 2
It's easy to dismiss as absurd the federal government's ideas for plugging the chronic funding gap of our national parks. Can anyone really think it's a good idea to allow Amazon deliveries to your tent in Yosemite or food trucks to line up under the redwood trees at Sequoia National Park?
But the administration is right about one thing: U.S. national parks are in crisis. Collectively, they have a maintenance backlog of more than $12 billion. Roads, trails, restrooms, visitor centers and other infrastructure are crumbling.
But privatizing and commercializing the campgrounds would not be the panacea that the Interior Department's Outdoor Advisory Committee would have us believe. Campgrounds are a tiny portion of the overall infrastructure backlog, and concessionaires in the parks hand over, on average, only about 5% of their revenues to the National Park Service
Moreover, increased privatization would certainly undercut one of the major reasons why 300 million visitors come to the parks each year: to enjoy nature and get a respite from the commercial drumbeat that overwhelms daily life.
The real problem is that the parks have been chronically starved of funding. We conducted a comprehensive survey examining how U.S. residents view their national parks, and we found that Americans place a very high value on them-whether or not they actually visit them. The peer-reviewed economic survey of 700 U.S. taxpayers, conducted by mail and internet, also found that people would be willing to pay a significant amount of money to make sure the parks and their programs are kept intact. Some 81% of respondents said they would be willing to pay additional taxes for the next 10 years to avoid any cuts to the national parks.
The national parks provide great value to U.S. residents both as places to escape and as symbols of nature. On top of this, they produce value from their extensive educational programs, their positive impact on the climate through carbon sequestration, their contribution to our cultural and artistic life and of course through tourism. The parks also help keep America's past alive, working with thousands of local jurisdictions around the country to protect historical sites including Ellis Island and Gettysburg and to bring the stories of these places to life.
The parks do all this on a shoestring. Congress allocates only $3 billion a year to the national park system-an amount that has been flat since 2001 (in inflation-adjusted dollars) with the exception of a onetime boost in 2009 as part of the Obama stimulus package. Meanwhile, the number of annual visitors has increased by more than 50% since 1980, and now stands at 330million visitors per year.
26. What problem are U.S. national parks faced with?
A. Decline of business profits
B. Inadequate commercialization
C. Lack of transportation services
D. Poorly maintained infrastructure
27. Increased privatization of the campground may_________.
A. spoil visitor experience
B. help preserve nature
C. bring operational pressure
D. boost visits to parks
28. According to Paragraph 5, most respondents in the survey would_________.
A. go to the national parks on a regular basis
B. advocate a bigger budget for the national parks
C. agree to pay extra for the national parks
D. support the national parks’ recent reforms
29. The national parks are valuable in that they_________.
A. lead the way in tourism
B. have historical significance
C. sponsor research on climate
D. provide an income for the locals
30. It can be concluded from the text that the national park system_________.
A. is able to cope with staff shortages
B. is able to meet visitor’ demands
C. is in need of a new pricing policy
D. is in need of a funding increase
Tex t 3
The Internet may be changing merely what we remember, not our capacity to do so, suggests Columbia University psychology professor Betsy Sparrow. In 2011, Sparrow led a study in which participants were asked to record 40 factoids in a computer (“an ostrich's eye is bigger than its brain,” for example). Half of the participants were told the information would be erased, while the other half were told it would be saved. Guess what? The latter group made no effort to recall the information when quizzed on it later because they knew they could find it on their computers. In the same study, a group was asked to remember both the information and the folders it was stored in. They didn’t remember the information, but they remembered how to find the folders. In other words, human memory is not deteriorating but “adapting to new communications technology,” Sparrow says.
2023年考研英语二真题和答案【详解版】2023年考研英语二真题和答案【详解版】
Section I Use of English Directions:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)Here's a common scenario that any number of entrepreneurs face today:you're the CEO of a small business, and though you're making a nice 1 , you need to find a way to take it to the next level.What you need to do is 2 growth by establishing a growth team.A growth team is made up of members from different departments within your company, and it harnesses the power of collaboration to focus 3 on finding ways to grow.Let's look at a real-world 4.Prior to forming a growth team, the software company BitTorrent had 50 employees working in the 5 departments of engineering marketing and product development.This brought them good results until 2012, when their growth plateaued.The 6 was that too many customers were using the basic, free version of their product.And 7 improvements to the premium, paid version, few people were making the upgrade.Things changed, 8 , when an innovative project-marketing manager came aboard, 9 a growth team and sparked the kind of 10 perspective they needed.By looking at engineering issues from a marketing po
2023年考研英语二真题和答案【详解版】
Section I Use of English Directions:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)Here's a common scenario that any number of entrepreneurs face today:you're the CEO of a small business, and though you're making a nice 1 , you need to find a way to take it to the next level.What you need to do is 2 growth by establishing a growth team.A growth team is made up of members from different departments within your company, and it harnesses the power of collaboration to focus 3 on finding ways to grow.Let's look at a real-world 4.Prior to forming a growth team, the software company BitTorrent had 50 employees working in the 5 departments of engineering marketing and product development.This brought them good results until 2012, when their growth plateaued.The 6 was that too many customers were using the basic, free version of their product.And 7 improvements to the premium, paid version, few people were making the upgrade.Things changed, 8 , when an innovative project-marketing manager came aboard, 9 a growth team and sparked the kind of 10 perspective they needed.By looking at engineering issues from a marketing po
2023年考研英语二真题试卷+参考答案及解析【详细版】
2023年考研英语真题二附答案
2023年考研英语(二)真题(完整版)Section I Use of English Directions： Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered black and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)The Internet affords anonymity to its users, a blessing to privacy and freedom of speech.But that very anonymity is also behind the explosion of cyber-crime that has 1 across the Web.Can privacy be preserved 2 bringing safety and security to a world that seems increasingly 3? Last month, Howard Schmidt, the nations cyber-czar, offered the federal government a 4 to make the Web a safer place-a “voluntary trusted identity”system that would be the high-tech 5 of a physical key, a fingerprint and a photo ID card, all rolled 6 one.The system might use a smart identity card, or a digital credential 7 to a specific computer.and would authenticate users at a range of online services.The idea is to 8 a federation of private online identity systems.User could 9 which system to join, and only registered users whose identities have been authenticated could navigate those systems.The approach contrasts with one that would require an Internet drivers license 10 by the government.Google and Mic
2023年考研英语二真题答案超详解析2023年考研英语二真题答案超详解析
2023 年全国硕士硕士入学统一考试英语（二）试题答案与解析Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following passage.For each numbered blank there are four choices marked A, B, Cand D.Choose the best one and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET l.(10 points)The outbreak of swine flu that was first detected in Mexico was declared a global epidemic onJune 11, 2023.It is the first worldwide epidemic_1_ by the World Health Organizationin 41 years.The heightened alert _2_an emergency meeting with flu experts in Geneva thatconvened after a sharp rise in cases in Australia, and rising_3_in Britain, Japan, Chileand elsewhere.But the epidemic is "_4_" in severity, according to Margaret Chan, theorganization's director general, _5_ the overwhelming majority of patients experiencingonly mild symptoms and a full recovery, often in the _6_ of any medical treatment.The outbreak came to global_7_in late April 2023, when Mexican authorities noticed anunusually large number of hospitalizations and deaths_8_healthy adults.As much ofMexico City shut down at the height of a panic, cases began to _9_in New York City, thesouthwestern United States and around the world. In the Unite
2023年考研英语二真题全文翻译答案超详解析2023年考研英语二真题全文翻译答案超详解析
第一篇：儿童游戏及其发展原文A Children play games for many reasons.Play helps them learn about themselves and others, develop imagination and creativity, and acquire basic intellectual and social skills.Through play, children also learn about their world.B Children usually create their own games, but sometimes they learn games from others.They may learn games from older children or from adults.For example, a four-year-old might learn a game from a six-year-old, who in turn learnefrom a ten-year-old, who learned it from an adult.Because children may learn games from many different people, games may change over time.They may be altered or mixed with other games that children know.C Childrens games are also influenced by cultural traditions.For example, many games are passed down from one generation to the next.Game rules may change somewhat witime, but some games remain remarkably similar across generations and across cultural borders.Children may learn 1 games from their parents or grandparents, from aunts or uncles, or even from cousins.译文A 儿童玩游戏有许多原因。游戏帮助他们了解自己和他人，开发想象力和创造力，并获得基本的智
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2023年考研英语二真题和答案【详解版】
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